ABSTRACT
Ipomoea Pes-caprae (L.) R.Br (IP) is a valuable medicinal plant, distributed in the tropics and subtropics regions and used in folk and tribal medicines. Traditionally IP is used in inflammatory conditions such as arthritis and also used to treat pain, ulcer, cancer and wounds. The acute anti-inflammatory activity of IP has been previously reported. The present study aims to discover the anti-inflammatory effect of ethanolic extracts from aerials parts of IP by sub-acute anti-inflammatory model. Completely dried leaves and stems of I.pes-caprae were extracted using ethanol by hot percolation method. The EELIP & EESIP (Ethanolic extract of Leaves & Stems of IP) thus obtained were subjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis and revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, sterols and terpenoids both in leaf and stem extracts. The LD50 of both EELIP & EESIP were found to be >2000 mg/kg by acute oral toxicity study. Both EELIP & EESIP exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activities in dose dependent manner.
ABSTRACT
Canthium parviflorum Lamk( Rubiaceae) is a shrubby and woody plant found throughout the Western Ghats. Canthium parviflorum have reported to possess a number of pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, wound healing activity and antitumor acitivity. D-mannitol, phenolic acid, phenolic compounds, carbohydrates, proteins were found from Canthium parviflorum. The current study was carried out to analyze the active constituents present in the leaf of Canthium parviflorum. Twenty two constituents in ethanolic extracts were identified by GC-MS analysis. D-Mannitol and Squalene which was present in this plant considered to have anticancer activity.
ABSTRACT
Merremia emarginata Burm. F (Convolvulaceae) is a perennial, much branched herb (creeper). It is found widely distributed all over the India, specially in damp places in upper gangetic plain, Gujarat, Bihar, West Bengal, Western‐ Ghats, ascending up to 900m in the hills, Goa, Karnataka in India, Ceylon and Tropical Africa. Merremia emarginata is also known as Ipomoea reniformis chois. It is reported to have many important medicinal properties. In the Indigenous system of Medicine, Ipomoea reniformis has been claimed to be useful for cough, headache, neuralgia, rheumatism, diuretic, inflammation, troubles of nose, fever due to enlargement of liver and also for treating cancer. The present study was designed to evaluate the invitro anticancer activity of Merremia emarginata Burm.F. The different solvent fraction of whole plant Merremia emarginata Burm.F was subjected for MTT assay. The ethylacetate fraction of whole plant was found to be cytotoxic against human cervical carcinoma Hela cell lines and human breast carcinoma MCF cell lines. The IC50 value of ethylacetate fraction was 51.57μg/ml against Hela cell lines and 39.6μg/ml against MCF-7 cell lines. Significant results were observed thereby justifying the use of plant in the traditional system of medicine.
ABSTRACT
Bile Cultures for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were carried out on 125 samples from patients with chronic cholecystitis with cholelithiasis. Cultures grew 71(56.8%) aerobes and 17(13.6%) anaerobic microorganisms. Polymicrobial infection was seen in 7(16.2%) cases. E. coli (45.07%) and Klebsiella (25.35%) were predominant among the aerobes and Bacteroides fragilis (58.82%) was predominant among the anaerobes. Highest incidence of the disease was observed in the fourth decade of life and females predominated in this study.
ABSTRACT
Cryptosporidium and isospora, two of the intestinal coccidian parasites known to be the causative agents of acute diarrhoea in animals, have now emerged as one of the main causes of prolonged life threatening diarrhoea in immunocompromised patients particularly so in patients with AIDS. Between June 1996 and December 1997, a total of 75 immunocompromised patients presenting with diarrhoea were investigated both for Cryptosporidium and Isospora. The study group consisted of cancer and AIDS patients with history of diarrhoea. Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in 35 patients (46.7%). One of the faecal samples from an AIDS patient with diarrhoea showed the presence of both Cryptosporidium and Isospora oocysts. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second documented report of Isospora associated diarrhoea in an AIDS patient from India. The various techniques used for demonstration of these parasites were modified acid fast staining, Safranine Methylene-blue staining and direct immunofluorescence test.